What is "default"? Meaning of turnover, features of use, examples

In seven (Windows 7) they are widely used default programs, which reproduce the established document format. For example, archive, music, txt files - they are all opened using special software. If the user has installed several utilities at once that can open files of the same format, then one of them will still be used.

To change it, you need to right-click on the document, calling up the Explorer menu, then select the “ Open with ” item, then select the default software from the available list. It is definitely worth making such settings, as this can provide more convenient navigation.

Next, a window will appear where you select the software that is used to open. To view the entire list, click on the “ Other programs ” button.

One document type can be in several formats. For example, the archive comes in .zip and .rar formats. You can make one of them open in Winrar, and the second in any other utility. So, how do you actually set the defaults? This is exactly what will be discussed below.

What is "default": general meaning

This expression is used when we are talking about the standard (factory) settings of a device or program. They were selected by developers from a wide variety of possibilities and are characterized by versatility. However, they are not always suitable for every user. Therefore, if desired, everyone can adapt the settings to suit themselves.

As an example, consider a satellite dish receiver. Since most of these devices are manufactured in China for export, the manufacturer does not know exactly what language is spoken in the country where the receiver will be used. Therefore, the main thing is English, since everyone knows it at least at the level of “my, yours, understand.” The calculation is that the vocabulary will be sufficient for the user to find the language section in the menu and reconfigure it to his native language, or at least one well known to him.

This practice of setting English as the default language is common in most menus for appliances sold in European countries. This is one of the universal parameters. They are understandable to all consumers, but are not always convenient for them, so they are subsequently adjusted.

How to match file types to specific applications

On Windows, many programs offer this feature. You can also install the necessary associations in the Android environment. The previous option is clearly not suitable for these purposes, so we will use a completely different scenario.

Using it, you can change the default opening of certain files by the program. True, the software used must support this feature, but usually there are no problems with this.

IMPORTANT. The method we describe below is only suitable if the association in Android has not yet been established for this file type. If the application for opening files of this type is already set, you must first reset the settings to default and only then follow the algorithm described below.

To set the default application for specific file types on Android, you will need the following sequence of actions:

go to the “File Manager”, this application can be either standard or installed by the user from Google Play;
We look for any file of the desired type (by extension, for example, .mp3);
if an association has not been set for it (that is, when you click on the file in the manager, the player does not open), you can assign a default player for it;
the system will try to independently find an application with which you can open files of this type, and will offer you to choose from the suitable options the one that turns out to be the default.

Note that you can install any number of players to play music, but the procedure for reassigning them will require canceling the previous selection, which we will discuss below.

By the way, a similar algorithm is applicable for setting the default browser on Android:

open the application from which you can go to the site via an external link (the method may not work in some instant messengers that use their own application for viewing web pages, WebView);
look for the link and click on it;
a window will appear asking you to select a browser to open the site;
tap on the “Open” button;
After selecting the required option, click on the “Always” button, as a result this browser will become the main one.
Read also: Volume buttons on a laptop do not work: reasons, sound settings

Of course, this method is not literally associative, since it does not tie the launch of the application to a specific file type (html, asp, php), but it works quite well.

How is it translated into other languages?

In English, this phrase is denoted by one word default.

Paradoxically, in Shakespearean language the term also means “default”, as well as various other legal obligations.

In Ukrainian, the corresponding phraseological unit “for zamovchuvannyam” is used. It looks like it was a tracing paper from Russian, just like the Belarusian “pa zmauchanni”. Proof of this is the fact that in other Slavic languages the phrase being studied is not formed from “to be silent.”

What to do if the “Open with” window does not appear on Android

You can also set software launch privileges for opening certain data formats through a special window. When a user tries to open a particular file, the OS will prompt him to select an application to work with it. This means that there is no priority software for this operation. To install it, click on the checkbox next to “Use as a priority” and select the desired program.

Important! If the Open With window does not appear for a specific action or file type, then the OS has already been configured to use a specific application for that purpose. You can change this permission in the settings. Instructions for this process were given in the previous section.

Removing all permissions

Synonyms

To better understand what “default” is, it’s worth considering the most common synonyms for it. Let us make a reservation that when replacing this expression with something close to it in meaning, the structure of the sentence will have to be slightly changed.

For example: “This photo editor has a default tool menu. In the future, it can be changed as convenient.”

The phrase being studied is replaced with the synonym “standard settings” without loss of meaning. However, with it, the sentence itself will be adjusted without losing its meaning: “This photo editor has standard tool menu settings. In the future, they can be changed as convenient."

When it comes to parameters in any program, instead of the revolution in question, it is possible to replace not only “standard”, but also “basic”, as well as “automatic” settings. However, all these synonyms are not absolute and can only appear in a certain context.

For example: “In Opera, you can set the Yandex search engine as the default both during the installation of the browser itself and after it.”

In this sentence, the phrase means that the search engine will always appear when opening Opera and the user will not need to waste time entering its address. That is, “Yandex” becomes a standard (automatically configured) search engine. And for this case, all two listed options can appear as synonyms.

At the same time, the word “Opera” was not initially assigned to “Yandex” as the basic search engine, which means it is not included in the “default package” does it mean factory settings?

Not always. Often the expression is applied not to automatic (basic), but to automated settings. Those that were not initially standard, but became so thanks to further “adjustment”.

Let's return to the example with a receiver for a satellite dish. By default, it was set to English as the main menu language. These are factory settings. At the same time, a person who is able to read this article will most likely want to rebuild the device menu into Russian. After this, every time you turn on the TV and receiver, the inscriptions in it (except for the name, of course) will be automatically reproduced in Russian.

It turns out that one linguistic “default” will be replaced by another. Which leads to another answer to the question of what “by default” is.

These are automated settings of the device or simply programs. They can be set by both the manufacturer and the user. However, when reinstalling the software or resetting it, the advantage will be on the side of the manufacturer’s settings.

What is a browser

A novice computer user constantly hears many unfamiliar words and terms, which are sometimes difficult for him to understand. One of these commonly used words is browser. Let's look at what a web browser is and why it is so important for a modern person.

A browser, browser, web browser or web browser is a computer program designed to display documents created in HTML on a monitor, usually Internet pages on sites on the Internet or local network. It sounds quite scary and incomprehensible, but everything is quite simple. The program in which you read this text is called a browser, and this text is located on a website on the Internet. At your request, the browser contacts the site, where the web server gives it the site page, the browser processes it and displays it on the monitor screen. You can find out more about the structure of the World Wide Web here.

You are currently using a browser:

An attentive reader may ask what the browser does with the data that the web server gave it and why. To answer this, you need to consider the structure of the web page. The fact is that they are created in the hypertext markup language of the document and in reality they look completely different from how we see them. For example, here is the actual view of this page.

Surprised? This gobbledygook is used to convert data into a graphical form and provide interactivity to a web page and has nothing in common with what we usually see on a monitor. The browser's task is to process this data in accordance with HTML rules and display it on the monitor in graphical form. You can look at the source code of any document yourself; to do this, you need to right-click in the web browser window and select “Page Source Code” or something similar in meaning; the Ctrl+U key combination also works in many browsers. By the way, the first browsers were text-based, and it was the advent of graphical browsers that gave impetus to the rapid development of the Internet.

In other words, the browser is designed to display websites, navigate between them, download files, listen to music and watch videos online, and so on. Probably one of the most frequently used programs on the computer.

Modern websites are quite complex. Although they are based on a hypertext document, HTML in its pure form is now practically unheard of. A symbiosis of various modern technologies is used to achieve the required result and interactivity of the pages. Almost every website uses CSS, PHP, JavaScript, and databases. The browser has to do a lot of work to display the page on the computer monitor, and not all browsers do it the same way.

Most popular browsers

Internet Explorer is developed by Microsoft and is standard for operating systems of the Windows family. For a long time it was the most widespread in the world, having a share of about 95% in its best years. The downside of such popularity was the lack of development, disregard for standards, slow speed and low support for new technologies. But thanks to this, alternative developments gained popularity, the share of IE fell sharply and Microsoft had to take care of its brainchild, starting with the seventh version. Now Internet Explorer has made significant progress in its development, although support for standards is still not so smooth. Details on the official website.

Mozilla Firefox is free software developed by Mozilla Corporation. One of the most popular browsers in the world, it was he who managed to break the monopoly of Internet Explorer and force Microsoft to take up their browser. A distinctive feature is the ability to flexibly customize the appearance of the program and add new functionality using a huge number of extensions. You can download it on the home page. It is worth mentioning Firefox's close relative, SeaMonkey. Having common roots, SeaMonkey is, however, a kind of combine that includes, in addition to the browser, an email client, an IRC client, an address book and tools for web developers. You can find out more details here.

Opera is a very popular web browser in Russia produced by Opera Software. Starting from version 8.5 it is distributed completely free of charge. It features high speed, as well as a built-in email client, address book and IRC client, Opera Link, and widgets. It has a version for mobile devices that occupies a significant market share. You can download it here.

Google Chrome - developed by the Google company of the same name at the end of 2008, now ranks first in the world in popularity. It became popular quite quickly thanks to its promotion by the largest search engine in the world. The developers declare high security, speed and compliance with web standards. You can download it from the link.

Safari is developed by Apple and is the standard browser for the OS X and iOS operating systems. In 2007, a version for OS Windows appeared, but it did not become very popular among Windows users and in 2012, according to unofficial information, further development of Safari for Windows was discontinued.

Yandex.Browser - the Yandex search engine followed the path of Google and released its own browser in October 2012. It cannot be called popular yet, but it is the only domestic web browser today. Yandex.Browser, like Google Chrome, is based on the WebKit engine and the free Chromium browser. Yandex.Browser is tightly integrated with the services of the Yandex search engine: search, translator, mail, cloud storage. Uses Turbo technology to speed up work on slow connections created by Opera Software. You can find out more and download Yandex.Browser here.

Which browser to choose, everyone decides independently in accordance with their preferences for design, required functionality, customization options, and so on. You can install any number of web browsers on your computer in parallel and use any of them if necessary.

What is the default browser

Since several browsers can be installed on the system at the same time, the computer needs to indicate which one will be launched when opening an HTML document. For example, you have a link on your desktop to some site, or you have received an email with a link or a message on ICQ containing a link. When you click on this link, it will open in your system's default browser. A web page saved to your computer's hard drive will also open in the default browser. Initially, the standard browser on a computer with the Windows operating system is Internet Explorer.

How to change your default browser

There are several ways how this can be done. Firstly, when installing a new browser, the installer offers to make it the default browser; if this was not done immediately, you can always change it in the program settings in the future. We launch the browser we need, go to settings (located in different places in different browsers) and find the “set as default” item. The same thing can be done using the computer’s operating system. In Window 7, the procedure is as follows: click Start ⇒ Control Panel ⇒ All Control Panel Items ⇒ Default Programs or Start ⇒ Control Panel ⇒ Programs ⇒ Default Programs, and then select “Set default programs” or “Match file types or protocols” specific programs" and set the matches you need.

Why you need to update your browser

Web standards are constantly evolving, providing developers with new options for creating websites. Since browsers do not 100% support these standards, it is possible that the same page will be displayed differently in different browsers. This is especially true for older versions of browsers, when support for standards was particularly weak. These can range from small minor differences to major changes in appearance, up to the inability to view the page normally.

Therefore, there is the concept of cross-browser layout of Internet pages, which means the same display in different browsers. Achieving cross-browser compatibility in modern web browsers is relatively easy, but older versions, especially Internet Explorer, are a real headache. You have to write separate rules for each browser or forcefully ignore older versions. Website developers deal with the situation individually in each specific case. For example, this site displays slightly incorrectly in Internet Explorer versions lower than version 9.

The reader can say why I care about the problems of developers, I am only interested in the end result, and by what forces it is achieved, I don’t care. This is a misleading impression, since the use of old browsers slows down the development of the entire Internet and the introduction of new features to web pages. Also, using rules for each browser increases traffic and page loading speed, which directly affects the end user.

The second important reason for keeping your browser up to date is security. There are many attackers on the Internet who use its capabilities for personal gain.

Any software has vulnerabilities that hackers are constantly looking for and then use to spread viruses, network attacks, steal confidential information from a computer, and so on. Program developers constantly update their programs by adding new functionality and closing found vulnerabilities in the program code. You can find out the online version of your browser, the extensions you use and some other information about your device on this page.

Since your web browser is essentially the door to the World Wide Web, you need to keep it up to date and use the latest versions. Usually people close the front door to their apartment, but for some reason they use an ancient browser with a bunch of vulnerabilities, although sometimes it’s enough just to go to an infected page and your computer is already infected, and you don’t even know about it yet. The fun will begin later, when they hack your e-mail, ICQ, delete all your files, demand money for access to your computer, or do something else that is very unpleasant for you.

Modern browsers have the ability to automatically update and you don’t have to do anything special. It's a slightly different story with IE, since it is tightly integrated into the operating system and is updated through Windows Update. In this regard, many people are afraid to update the system because they are using an illegal copy of the operating system. Here you can advise using legal software or installing an alternative browser and using only that.

Now you know what a browser is, why it is needed and how important it is to timely update the software installed on your computer.

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Most popular browsers

Internet Explorer is developed by Microsoft and is standard for operating systems of the Windows family. For a long time it was the most widespread in the world, having a share of about 95% in its best years. The downside of such popularity was the lack of development, disregard for standards, slow speed and low support for new technologies. But thanks to this, alternative developments gained popularity, the share of IE fell sharply and Microsoft had to take care of its brainchild, starting with the seventh version. Now Internet Explorer has made significant progress in its development, although support for standards is still not so smooth. Details on the official website.

Mozilla Firefox is free software developed by Mozilla Corporation. One of the most popular browsers in the world, it was he who managed to break the monopoly of Internet Explorer and force Microsoft to take up their browser. A distinctive feature is the ability to flexibly customize the appearance of the program and add new functionality using a huge number of extensions. You can download it on the home page. It is worth mentioning Firefox's close relative, SeaMonkey. Having common roots, SeaMonkey is, however, a kind of combine that includes, in addition to the browser, an email client, an IRC client, an address book and tools for web developers. You can find out more and download it here. Read here what to do if protected sites stop opening.

Opera is a very popular web browser in Russia produced by Opera Software. Starting from version 8.5 it is distributed completely free of charge. It features high speed, as well as a built-in email client, address book and IRC client, Opera Link, and widgets. It has a version for mobile devices that occupies a significant market share. You can download it here.

Google Chrome - developed by the Google company of the same name at the end of 2008, now ranks first in the world in popularity. It became popular quite quickly thanks to its promotion by the largest search engine in the world. The developers declare high security, speed and compliance with web standards. You can download it from the link.

Safari is developed by Apple and is the standard browser for the OS X and iOS operating systems. In 2007, a version for OS Windows appeared, but it did not become very popular among Windows users and in 2012, according to unofficial information, further development of Safari for Windows was discontinued.

Yandex.Browser - the Yandex search engine followed the path of Google and released its own browser in October 2012. It cannot be called popular yet, but it is the only domestic web browser today. Yandex.Browser, like Google Chrome, is based on the WebKit engine and the free Chromium browser. Yandex.Browser is tightly integrated with the services of the Yandex search engine: search, translator, mail, cloud storage. Uses Turbo technology to speed up work on slow connections created by Opera Software. You can find out more and download Yandex.Browser here.

What is the default browser

How to change your default browser

Why you need to update your browser

The second important reason for keeping your browser up to date is security. There are many attackers on the Internet who use its capabilities for personal gain.

Now you know what a browser is, why it is needed and how important it is to timely update the software installed on your computer.

beginpc.ru

Factory and user default

Having dealt with the question of what “default” is, let’s talk in more detail about user automated settings and factory settings.

The first is a consequence of the imperfection of the second. As we know, the most common reason for any program to fail is its user. To simplify the process of recovery from someone’s “crazy hands”, each software (if it fails) is designed to return to the basic system of behavior - “by default”. But, erasing all errors made by the user, returning to factory settings also “kills” useful programs.

For example, when you reinstall Photoshop, all textures, brushes, actions and styles added to it disappear from its memory, since they are not included in the default package. In addition to the basic set, fonts remain among the innovations. But only because they are not under the control of Photoshop, but in the computer OS. If it is reinstalled, then they too will be reset to the factory settings.

This inability to preserve not only harmful innovations, but also useful ones, is the main drawback of basic settings.

To solve this problem today, many applications and OS provide their users with the service of backing up user settings by default. So after resetting to factory settings, all other programs not related to them will be installed automatically.

What is a browser

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What is "default" in a computer?

Although the concept of basic or simply automated parameters is characteristic of all programmable technology, most often the phrase studied concerns specifically computer technology. More precisely, the programs in it.

So what does "default" mean in a computer? Almost the same as in other related devices (tablets, Smart TV) - a universal automated set of settings specified by the developers. And in this case, it can be either factory or custom.

Mozilla Firefox

A very interesting browser. It can compete with Google Chrome in speed. In addition, Firefox is easily expandable with the help of numerous plugins, thanks to which the browser can be turned into a convenient “harvester” capable of solving a wide variety of tasks!

1) The first thing we do is click on the orange header in the upper left corner of the screen and click on the settings item.

3) At the bottom there is a button: “make Firefox the default browser”. Let's press it.

The meaning of the phrase for phones

Since most mobile phones today are proudly called “smart” (that is, “smart”), for them the phrase “by default” has a meaning similar to a PC. That is, the notorious factory settings: melody, screen power, set of applications, etc.

However, in relation to the telephone (yes, some people still use cell phones for this purpose), the phrase being studied has an additional shade of interpretation. It does not replace, but complements the main thing. So what does "default" mean in a phone?

When making a call, it happens that the subscriber’s device is turned off or is outside the coverage of its network. In this case, the system of almost every cellular operator offers to leave a message on the answering machine, so that the missed call can listen to it as soon as his device turns on.

If earlier this was an additional paid service, today most operators have an answering machine connected to each subscriber by default “free of charge,” that is, for free.

Although today this feature seems like a definite innovation, in a few years people will get used to it, just like they used to do with free inboxes.

More difficult for the programmer, easier for the user

Determining when a program can do one single action and when there can be several such options is quite difficult. Let's look at this using the example of moving the mouse cursor using the mouse manipulator. If the user moves the mouse, then it would seem that the only possible reaction to this is for the programmer to set the mouse cursor to move across the Windows desktop screen. It seems to be the only action.

But you can move the cursor around the screen at different speeds. One user likes the fast movement of the mouse cursor across the desktop in response to small movements of the mouse on the real table.

Other users find it more convenient if the speed of cursor movement is slower, while others like to work very slowly. Accordingly, this movement speed can be configured (adjusted) in the mouse settings (for Windows XP this is regulated: “Start” - “Settings” - “Control Panel” - “Mouse” - “Pointer Options” - “Set the pointer speed”).

But after the first installation of Windows or after the first connection of a new mouse to the PC’s USB port, the mesh pointer cursor begins to move at some “average” speed, and the PC user did not specify anything in the settings.

These are called “default” settings. That is, programmers seem to have already configured the software in advance to perform certain functions, while there can be a great many possible options for performing these functions.

What does this term mean in jurisprudence?

All of the examples above were about technology. However, turnover is also used in other areas. Let's consider what “by default” means in jurisprudence.

This expression is most often used in oral speech when talking about the execution of papers in accordance with accepted regulatory standards. In this case, they play the role of a kind of “factory settings”.

The phrase in this area is also interpreted in the usual sense: it is used when setting up specialized programs for drawing up documents or systematizing existing ones according to a template specified by the manufacturer or specified by the user.

Unlike all the examples listed, this jurisprudence has a consonant expression that is often mistakenly associated with “by default.”

We are talking about this type of fraud as failure to provide all reliable information when concluding any transaction. In fact, this is not cheating. After all, no lies are told, just some aspects of the truth are not voiced. They remain silent.

The most common example is advertising. In it, the promoted product is praised to the potential consumer, trying not to talk about its disadvantages.

Thus, when advertising Claritin (one of the most popular and effective anti-allergy drugs), its manufacturers modestly keep silent about the fact that its constituent loratadine (the main active ingredient) can be bought several times cheaper without overpaying for a famous brand.

Even more often, all information about the composition of the product is kept silent. For example, pay attention to the packaging of any margarine for baking. Among the ingredients, “vegetable fat” must be listed. Of course, we all sincerely hope that this is sunflower oil; complete optimists are even thinking about olive oil. However, most often it is palm and, God forbid, it is food and not technical.

And if such petty silence only causes irritation, then hiding the terms of the signed agreement often costs many times more.

For example, today’s insanely popular fraudulent scheme for pensioners. They receive fake messages about winning a lottery, which can only be claimed by ordering a product from a fraudulent company from a catalog for a certain amount. Inspired old people buy junk they don't need at exorbitant prices, but never receive the promised winnings.

And in principle they cannot, since according to the terms of the promotion, purchasing from the catalog is not a 100% guarantee of victory. This is clearly stated in the conditions of the lottery. But they always “forget” to send the form with these conditions to pensioners, as if accidentally keeping silent about such a “trifle.”